Sexual Reproduction, Development and Growth in Humans and Animals
15.1 - Reproductive System of Humans
The Male Reproductive System
Structure and Functions of Male Reproductive Organs
- Seminal vesicle: Secretes fluid filled with nutrients for sperms.
- Sperm duct (vas deferens): Transports sperm.
- Prostate gland: Secretes a fluid that helps in sperm movement.
- Scrotum: Holds and protects the testis.
- Testis: Located within the scrotum; produces sperm and testosterone.
- Penis: Male sexual organ rich in soft tissues and blood vessels; releases sperm into the vagina during copulation.
- Urethra: Discharges sperm and urine from the body.
The Female Reproductive System
Structure and Functions of Female Reproductive Organs
- Uterus: Thick, muscular walls; its inner wall is lined with mucus-secreting endometrium rich in blood vessels. The embryo implants in the endometrium, which supplies nutrients and oxygen.
- Fallopian tube: Thin, muscular tube lined with cilia; ciliary action and peristalsis move the secondary oocyte or embryo to the uterus.
- Ovary: Produces ova, oestrogen and progesterone.
- Vagina: Receives sperms; passage for birth and menstruation.
- Cervix: Narrow opening to the uterus; secretes mucus that helps sperm swim towards the Fallopian tubes.
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